![]() ![]() The committee will consider interrelationships among emissions sources, patterns of peak ambient CO concentrations, and various CO emissions-control measures in such areas. The committee’s statement of task is as follows:Īn NRC committee will assess various potential approaches to predicting, assessing, and managing episodes of high concentrations of CO in meteorological or topographical problem areas. In response to the challenges posed for some areas by having to come into compliance with the NAAQS for CO, a committee was established by the National Research Council (NRC) to investigate the problem of CO in areas with meteorological and topographical problems. Because of the limited dispersion, many of those areas also have unhealthful concentrations of sum. The locations that continue to have high concentrations of CO tend to have topographical or meteorological characteristics that exacerbate pollution for example, strong temperature inversions or the existence of nearby hills that inhibit wind flow may limit pollutant dispersion. Average ambient concentrations decreased by about 57% over the same period (EPA 2001a). With the introduction of emissions controls, particularly automotive catalysts, estimated CO emissions from all sources decreased by 21% from 1980 to 1999 (EPA 2001a). In the 1960s, vehicle emissions led to increased and unhealthful ambient CO concentrations in many U.S. Breathing the high concentrations of CO typical of a polluted environment leads to reduced oxygen (O 2) transport by hemoglobin and has health effects that include headaches, increased risk of chest pain for persons with heart disease, and impaired reaction timing. ![]() The largest anthropogenic source of CO in the United States is vehicle emissions. Carbon monoxide (CO)-a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and toxic air pollutant-is produced in the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels, such as gasoline, natural gas, oil, coal, and wood.
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